Glossary

TREE FundTree Research and Education Endowment Fund

Tree Group Inspection(Form 1) the purpose is to facilitate an initial screening of trees. Each tree in a tree group has to be inspected systematically for identifying potential tree hazards or tree required for detailed individual tree risk assessment (Form 2).

tree growth regulator (TGR)chemical that slows terminal growth by reducing cell elongation.

tree health managementmanaging trees and their surrounding environment to promote tree vigor. structural stability. and natural defense mechanisms.

tree inventoryrecord of trees within a designated area that provides specified identification and condition information to be used for management decisions and actions.

tree islandenclosed planting bed surrounding a tree. often within a paved area or adjacent to a street.

tree officerin the United Kingdom and other countries. an individual responsible for the care and protection of public trees and greenspaces (see city forester. urban forester. tree warden. and municipal arborist).

tree ordinancetree-specific law that defines a public agency's authority. describes required conditions or actions. establishes penalties for nonconformance. and identifies who is responsible for enforcement and oversight. In Canada. tree by-law.

tree pavement conflictdamage that occurs where enlarging roots and trunks displace and/or crack sidewalks. curbs. streets and other paved areas.

Tree Preservation Order (TPO)in the United Kingdom (and being adopted elsewhere). a legal regulation. established by a local authority. that protects a tree or multiple trees.

tree protection zone(TPZ) defined area within which certain activities are prohibited or restricted to prevent or minimize potential injury to designated trees. especially during construction or development.

tree protection zone barrier(TPZB) various devices. including fencing. berms. or signs. installed to limit access to tree protection zones (or similarly designated areas) during construction. development. or site disturbance.

tree protection zone barrier (TPZB)various devices. including fencing. berms. or signs. installed to limit access to tree protection zones (or similarly designated areas) during construction. development. or site disturbance.

tree protection zone (TPZ)defined area within which certain activities are prohibited or restricted to prevent or minimize potential injury to designated trees. especially during construction or development.

tree shelter

tube placed around a tree seedling for protection and growth enhancement.

tree spademechanical equipment to dig. transport. and replant trees with a sufficiently large volume of roots and soil.

tree spikesDevices that are attached to boots and used by tree workers to aid in tree climbing

Tree Staticsset of methods for evaluating the breaking safety of tree trunks and the tipping (uprooting) safety or anchoring potential of tree root systems.

tree stressfactor that affects the health or condition of a tree.

tree support system

mechanical system used to limit movement or proved supplemental support to leaders. branches. or entire trees.

tree value1) appraised. monetary value placed on a tree. 2) nonmonetary benefit(s) or significance of a tree.

tree wardentitle given to an individual who cares for trees on public town lands. mostly used in several New England states (U.S). and the U.K.. where they are also called tree officers.

tree wellwall constructed around a tree to maintain the original grade between the trunk and the wall. with a raised grade beyond the wall. Used to maintain adequate oxygen levels in the root zone and to protect the trunk from burial.

tree wrapmaterial used to wrap the trunks of newly planted or transplanted trees or to protect thin-barked mature trees when they are newly exposed to the sun (see sunburn and sunscald).

trenchinglinear or curved open excavation. often used to install utilities or structural footings. Can cause tree root damage. (contrast with horizontal boring and tunneling).

triangular cable systemtree cabling system that joins three branches with three cables forming a triangle (contrast with box cable system and direct cable system).

triple-actionpertaining to a carabiner. requiring three distinct motions to open the gate (see double-locking).

TROBITree Register of the British Isles

tropicalrelating to. situated in. or characteristic of the tropics (the region on either side of the equator).

tropismtendency of growth or variation of a plant in response to an external stimulus such as gravity (geotropism) or light (phototropism).

trunkmain or central stem of a tree (see bole and stem).

trunk flaretransition zone from trunk to roots where the trunk expands into the buttress or structural roots. Root flare.

trunk formula method (TFM)method to appraise the monetary value of trees considered too large to be replaced with commonly available nursery or collected diseases. disorders. or pest problems .

trunk injectiontechnique to introduce substances directly into the xylem of a tree to treat or prevent

trunk taperthe natural. gradual reduction in diameter r of the trunk of a tree from bottom to top (see taper).

tunnelingdigging. often with special machinery and shoring or other supports. below the surface of the ground without an open trench. Method for installation of underground utilities that minimizes cutting of tree roots or damage to hardscape or existing utilities (contrast with horizontal boring and(...)

turgidfully hydrated to a normal state of distension.

turgordistension in a plant cell caused by its fluid contents.

turnbucklea drop-forged. closed-eye device for adjusting cable tension.

twigsmall. woody branch. stem. or shoot.

tylosesprotrusions of portions of the adjacent parenchyma cells that enter and block xylem vascular cells when those cells become inactive or injured.