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e
- emergence holesholes in the bark created by insects leaving the plant to complete their life cycle. Also ~ called exit holes.
- emergency responsepredetermined set of procedures ~ by which emergency situations are assessed and handled.
- endline looploop created in the end of a rope by ] forming any of numerous termination knots.
- endomycorrhizaetype of mycorrhizae that grow within root cells (see mycorrhizae; contrast with ectomycorrhizae).
- energized conductorconductor through which electrical current is flowing. This may be intended and expected or the unintended and unexpected result of an electrical short.
- energyin physics. the potential to do work.
- engineered fillmaterial used as a construction base that is different from the surrounding soil profile and has a known compaction rate or load-bearing capacity.
- entireterm describing a leaf margin without teeth.
- environmental benefitsimprovements to the natural world (e.g.. air and water quality) provided by the urban forest.
- environmental impact report (EIR)a document used in planning and development that describes the existing environmental conditions within a property. the significant environmental effects of a project (impacts) . possible ways to minimize significant effects (mitigation). and reasonable alternatives to the project. Contrast(...)
- EPAEnvironmental Protection Agency
- epicormicShoots that arise from latent or adventitious buds; may occur on branches. stems. or from basal suckers
- epicormic shootshoot arising from a dormant bud. or from newly formed adventitious tissue.
- epidermisouter tissue of leaves. stems. roots. flowers. and seeds.
- epinastydownward curling of the leaf blade. Often a symptom of plant disease. Distortion of growth. often caused by certain types of herbicides.
- epiphytenonparasitic plant that uses another plant as a host for mechanical support. but does not derive nutrients or water from it (contrast with parasite and saprophyte).
- eradicationtotal removal of a species from a particular area. May refer to pathogens or insect pests or to unwanted plants.
- eriophyid mitesmites in the family Eriophyidae. Often even smaller that other mites and requiring higher magnification to see. Often associated with leaf galls (see mites).
- erosionthe wearing away of the land by the movement of water. wind. or ice.
- escape routein felling operations. direction for chain saw operator to move while tree is falling. Generally 45 degrees on either side of a line drawn opposite the intended direction of fall.
- ESPexchangeable sodium percentage
- espalier1) n. specialized technique of pruning and training plants to grow within a plane. such as along a wall or a fence. 2) n. a plant trained in that manner. 3) v. to train plants in that manner.
- essential elementsminerals essential to the growth and development of trees. These minerals are essential because plants cannot complete their life cycle without them (see macronutrient. micronutrient. and primary elements).
- establishto grow. or cause a plant to grow. successfully in a new place. In forestry. may refer to initial planting and care; in landscaping. may refer to care after planting until the plant is growing successfully.
- ETCCEuropean Tree Climbing Championship
- ethephonplant growth regulator used to promote fruit ripening. Also stimulates latex flow in rubber trees.
- ethylenegaseous plant hormone that triggers fruit ripening and plant senescence.
- etiolationCondition involving increased stem elongation. poor leaf development. and a lack of chlorophyll; found in plants growing in the dark or with greatly reduced amount of light
- evaporative potentialPotential of a site to cause evapotranspiration from plants
- evapotranspirationLoss of water from a soil by evaporation or from plants by transpiration
- evapotranspiration (ET)loss of water by evaporation from the soil surface and transpiration by plants.
- evergreentree or other plant that does not shed all of its foliage annually. but rather progressively over a period of years (contrast with deciduous).
- exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP)Degree of saturation of the soil exchange complex with sodium
- excurrenta pattern of tree branching characterized by a central leader and a pyramidal. cone-shaped crown (contrast with decurrent).
- exfoliatingpeeling off in shreds or layers. Usually refers to bark.
- exit holessee emergence holes.
- exotic speciesspecies of plant or other organism not native or indigenous to a region. May be invasive (contrast with introduced species. native species. and naturalized species).
- exotropyability of a root or branch to resume its original direction of growth after being deflected by an object.
- extra-high-strength (EHS) cablein tree support systems. type of 7 -strand steel cable. often used to cable trees. Stronger but less flexible than common-grade cable. Must be terminated with dead-end tree grips or terminal fasteners.
- exudationoozing from pores or breaks in cell membranes.
- eye bolta drop-forged. closed-eye bolt. used to anchor cables to a tree in a through-fastened system.
- eye slingsee dead-eye sling.
- eye splice1) in cabling. a closed termination loop. hand found in common-grade cable by wrapping the successive strands back upon the standing part to attach the cable to anchor hardware. 2) a rope or cable splice that forms a closed eye or loop.
- eye-spliced ropelength of rope that has been spliced back upon itself to from an eye in the end.
- eye-to-eye slingsling (usually a length of spliced rope) with an eye at each end. Also called eye-and-eye sling.
f
- face cutnotch cut used to help control the direction of fall of trees or branches being removed.
- face notchwedge-shaped cut forming the front of the hinge. Used to help control the direction of fall of trees or branches being removed. Scarf cut.
- facility (facilities)in utility systems. structure or equipment used to deliver or provide protection for the delivery of an essential service. such as electricity or communication.
- failure potentialin tree risk assessment. the professional assessment of the likelihood for a tree or tree part to fail within a defined time frame.
- fair leada rigging device that guides a line. rope. or cable around an object or out of the way. Does not add mechanical advantage. Can be a block. hook. ring. or a hole in a structure (see slack tender; contrast with redirect).